The Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing - 806 Words

The impacts of hydraulic fracturing can be hard to analyze due to a lack of data available. The following case studies explored the effects of fracking on animals and humans within areas of hydraulic fracking sites. The case studies were completed in six states in which hydraulic fracturing sites has increased in recent years. These six states are Colorado, Louisiana, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas. The studies focus on the effects of animals because they may serve as sentinels for human exposure, with shorter lifetimes and more opportunity for data collection from necropsies (Bamberger Oswald, 2012, p.52). The case studies also take into account human exposure within the same area as the animals affected. The first case study in the article observed two homes within a short distance of 25 shale wells. These two homeowners both had farm animals on their property and used well water for their personal water source. Both homeowners reported incidents relating to wastewater exposure for both their animals and humans. One incident was when a truck carrying wastewater drove away from the impoundment site with an open valve, releasing approximately 20 gallons of wastewater onto the impoundment access road(62). The water that was released was also spilled onto a road near one of the homeowners property. Another incident occurred when the barriers for the wastewater impoundment failed causing a spill into a creek. It is believed that this occurrences could haveShow MoreRelatedHydraulic Fracturing And Its Effects On The Environment1467 Words   |  6 PagesHydraulic Fracturing Introduction For this assignment I have chosen to look in to a subject that is in the news media spotlight. The subject is the process of hydraulic fracturing. In this paper, we will learn about this process by answering the following questions. First what is hydraulic fracturing and what is the process used for. Then we will look at the actual process of hydraulic fracturing (how it works). Next we will take a closer look at some of the chemical use during the hydraulic fracturingRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing Has Recently Grown In Popularity As1516 Words   |  7 PagesHydraulic fracturing has recently grown in popularity as a means of energy production. There are advantages and disadvantages, mainly relating to the environment and the economy, of this industry. Although there are pros and cons to both sides of the issue, a compromise needs to be found for both the safety of the environment and to be able to support affordable energy production. Hydraulic fracturing, as an industry, has had a large economic impact by creating jobs. Using natural gas from hydraulicRead MoreIs Hydraulic Fracturing Environmentally Safe?1414 Words   |  6 PagesIs Hydraulic Fracturing Environmentally Safe? The United States has become one of the largest producers of natural gas and most of the production is from shale plays. Solar, wind, biomass waste and geothermal and hydroelectric energy have long been recognized as renewable and sustainable energy resources; however, they only comprise 9% of our energy consumption; this is in comparison to the growing production of natural gas which accounts for 40% of industrial and 74% of residential energy consumptionRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing : An Ethical Approach1168 Words   |  5 PagesHydraulic Fracturing: An Ethical Approach Hydraulic fracturing in combination with advancement in directional drilling has made it possible to economically extract oil and gas from unconventional resources. The growth in U.S. oil and gas exploration and production made possible by the increase in use of hydraulic fracturing, has raised concerns about its potential to impact human health and the environment. Concerns have been raised by the public about the effects of hydraulic fracturing on qualityRead MoreEssay On Fracking1181 Words   |  5 Pages There are still doubts about whether hydraulic fracturing will follow the forecasts put out by the United States energy Information Administration. Hughes write that producing 45 percent of the nations gas through fracking is basically impossible (31). He thinks that â€Å"drilling rates assumed by the EIA to meet its forecast are inadequate† (Hughes 31). Hughes supports that the current drilling rates of about 20,000 new wells per year are woefully short of what is needed to increase gas output (31)Read MoreFracking and the Halliburton Act Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Hydraulic fracturing involves the use of water pressure to create fractures in rock that allow the oil and natural gas it contains to escape and flow out of a well (Energy From Shale).† Fracking has served to extract natural gas and oil where other methods would not be as successful but many environmentalists argue that fracking is affecting the environment and our drinking supply of water. Although fracking is still a controversial topic, it provides Americans jobs, increases theRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing : The Good And The Bad1381 Words   |  6 PagesHydraulic Fracturing: The Good and The Bad. Hydraulic fracturing in combination with advancement in directional drilling has made it possible to economically extract oil and gas from unconventional resources. The growth in U.S. oil and gas exploration and production made possible by the increase in use of hydraulic fracturing, has raised concerns about its potential to impact human health and the environment. Concerns have been raised by the public about the effects of hydraulic fracturing on qualityRead MoreThe Issue Of Hydraulic Fracturing1444 Words   |  6 PagesHydraulic Fracturing One of the hottest new issues that has arisen to the forefront of the battle between environmentalists and the energy industry, where the health of future generations is set against our energy needs and economic growth, is the issue of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking as it is colloquially called. America’s new-found energy independence has been made possible using technology that was only a pipe dream a mere decade ago, slashing the disparity between net imports versus exportsRead MoreHydraulic Fracturing And The Natural Gas Industry1454 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental Science- Hydraulic Fracturing Introduction Hydraulic fracturing is a verified as well as well-regulated technology that was first used during the 1940s. Hydraulic fracturing has opened enormous new supplies of oil along with clean-burning natural gas that is from the dense deposits of shale. These supplies enhance the energy security of the U.S. and improve the nation’s ability to generate electricity for generations to come. Hydraulic Fracturing has been utilized in at least one millionRead MoreThe United States Of The Industrial Revolution1720 Words   |  7 Pagesno technology or tools advanced enough to drill into these rocks, until the 1970s and 1980s. Companies worked endlessly finding a way to allow shale rocks to release the gas that they held. Companies eventually came up with a practice called hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking; this process utilizes water pressure to fracture or break a rock in order to release and collect fuel such as gas or oil. In recent years, companies have mixed sand, chemic als and other proponents to retrieve the maximum

How to Find Samples Hook Essay Online

How to Find Samples Hook Essay Online The Benefits of Samples Hook Essay The reader will probably assume the quotation is valuable to your work. The introduction is a brief lead-in which makes the reader more interested in the remaining part of the content. An essay may be used to present an argument with the goal of convincing the audience to have a stand on a specific matter. As it usually aims to provide effective solutions to some problems, the good idea is to start with advice. The ideal method is to select the hook sentence that reveals the major idea of your essay. A superb idea is to hunt for some essay hook ideas on the net and analyze them. A few excellent essay hook ideas are usually everything you must begin. Before you determine an ideal hook, it is necessary to research widely on your topic. You do not need to restate the facts. Sometimes finding the most suitable quote can be hard, but your time researching will be paid in full with an intriguing hook. The Ultimate Approach to Samples Hook Essay Write an outline to assist you organize your essay. The more specific you're, the simpler it is going to be to prove it in your essay. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. Needless to say, essays are rarely so exciting to read, but they're also able to be written in a captivating and appealing way. To compel an audience to carry on reading your bit of writing, the very best tools to utilize in the debut of your essay are Essay hooks. Finding out how to write essay hook is an essential portion of learning how to compose awesome essays. The sort of an essay hook you use is dependent on the type of essay you're writing. Developing a hook for your essay is just one of the most crucial factors of writing. The Chronicles of Samples Hook Essay Imagine real people that you know for inspiration. Our custom cheap essay writing service has the wisdom and capability to finish your paper ensuring the maximum quality in the brief term. Tip Remember that a large part of those who ask you for a synopsis will use it to offer your presentation to others. Some famous folks are widely known, while some are highly distinguished in a certain subject of expertise. The power of the hook is defined by the way it can motivate individuals to read the full text. A hook is the initial sentence or two that is intended to actually captivate the reader. It is written to attract the reader. Some hooks can't be utilized in formal writing unless when used with lots of of literary creativity. The kind of hook you will use will be dependent on the type of writing you're compiling. There are many types of hooks that you could look at making their work interesting to read. If you're still not able to develop an exciting hook, you always have the option to ask professionals for assistance. All you should understand is the best way to compose a fantastic hook depending on the type, purpose, and target audience of your undertaking. The Ideal Strategy for Samples Hook Essay In the event you must generate a hook sentence for an essay during the exam, you won't need to work within a quick term. Be sure you are knowledgeable regarding the element you opt for in order for your process analysis instructions will be clear for the reader. Employing statistical data right at the commencement of your essay makes it seem really professional and well-researched. In order to acquire an internship, you might be requested to compose an essay with your application. Samples Hook Essay - Is it a Scam? You may choose to take a look at a position paper sample before starting the practice. The trick to making your essay stick out from the rest is to get a strong introduction. When choosing to compose an allegory, you first must choose symbols and figurative representations for ideas which do not own a material form. At times, all you will need is a sentence to receive your creative juices flowing again.

Theories In Sustainable Supply Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Theories In Sustainable Supply Management? Answer: Introducation The activity of, services, products and goods flowing through different stages of production, starting from procurement of raw materials- storage of the raw materials, inventory processes- processing and development of finished goods- storage of the finished or processed goods- transportation of goods or mediums of service to the consumption point, this whole process is known as the supply chain management (Heckmann, Comes Nickel, 2015). The objectives of the process include increasing the efficiency of production, faster dispersal of goods or service, production of quality products or service, and increased productivity for the company. The objective of this research is to understand the process of supply chain management in details with the help of a case study and then comparison with appropriate literature and articles on the subject. The organisation that has been chosen for the case study is Food Panda. Food Panda is a supply chain based company that has an online portal through which customers can book food online from the restaurant of their choice (Foodpanda.com, 2018). The process includes ordering in the Food Panda portal and the delivery executive will pick up the order and deliver duly within time. Importance Of Supply Chain Management And The Reasons Customers Will Choose Food Panda As stated by Shyam (2015), Supply Chain Management as per its name is the management of the supply in the chain of stages that take part in the completion of service or delivery of product. The author has stated that there are primarily three stages of supply chain, procurement, production, and distribution. In the case of Food Panda the procurement of order takes place from the websites part, and the procurement of the raw materials to prepare the ordered food takes place from the restaurants side. The food is produced. In this case, there is another stage of procurement when the prepared food is procured by the delivery executive. In the next step, the delivery executive produces a service where he transports the food to the customer. In the case of Food Panda the service and the distribution happens consecutively, as distribution is their main service. Supply and distribution along with logistics are not new concepts in human civilisation, as these have been happening from the ver y beginning (Christopher, 2016). It depends on the business how innovatively the concepts are utilised in a new way that can give an edge to the business over its competitors. The undeniable importance of the supply chain management in businesses have been duly recognised not very long ago (Christopher, 2016). Food Panda has utilised the innovation in supply chain management and used it in favour of its business. According to the authors of the article The role of management in the evolution of the company's supply chain supply chain managers has to ensure a high degree of co-ordination and synchronisation to keep the system running (Sorbi et al., 2017). This is especially true in the case of Food Panda where the team receiving the order has to co-ordinate the same with the delivery boy, and the restaurant who will start preparing the order. The delivery boy then picks up the order co-ordinating with the restaurant and then connects with the customer to complete delivery, this needs high precision, and synchronisation to complete. Theories And Models Of Supply Chain Management Supply chain management is a dynamic process and there are no fixed and bound rules or theories to be followed in this regard. There is a resource based view theory which gives importance to the resources which may take forward a firms ability of competition according to the article Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning the author has pointed out (Stadtler, 2015). The theory states not all the resources are of equal importance and must be judged wisely. Touboulic Walker, (2015) have pointed out that there are not enoughnumber of theories about the Supply Chain Management process and the ones existing have gaps in their structure. The article also defines the sustainable theory of Supply Chain management. Monczka et al, (2015) have discussed about the channel coordination in the SCM process, which has an objective of aligning and synchronising the strategies of individual enterprises. There might be a number of multiple decision making horizons and information which is asymmetric and unstructured. There are multiple decision making situations in the case of Food Panda as well, when priorities in orders have to be understood when there is less number of delivery executives but more orders flow in. In the article The role of marketing channels in supply chain management the authors have pointed out that the lack of centralisation in decision making often leads to a situation of dilemma and doubt in various quarters and the overall performance may be affected (Kozlenkova et al., 2015). In the article Competition and Coordination in a Two?Channel Supply Chain. Competition and Coordination in a Two?Channel Supply Chain the authors have pointed out the duality in coordination and competitio n in cases where the supplier is same but the retailers may compete in order to gain profit. In the case of Food Panda various restaurants and Fast food shops may compete to get the first priority in the category of the same food. In supply chain management process the theory of constraints is also applied and researched in many articles. In the article Applying Goldratts Theory of Constraints to reduce the Bullwhip Effect through agent-based modelling the bullwhip affect is identified as one major reason for ineffectiveness in supply chain management. Bullwhip affect is the increased movement in the inventories of businesses in response to the demands of the market which may be increasing or decreasing. In the case of Food Panda the bull whip affect is a major probkem because even if there is less number of orders they have to maintain the same number of delivery executives and work force. In the article Quantitative models for sustainable supply chain management: Developments and directions the authors have pointed out to the quantitative models of Supply Chain Management process and how can they be used in sustainable supply and distribution. The triple bottom line (TBL) or the integration of social aspects with other variables like the environmental aspects taking consideration of economic situation. SCM has evolved with time into not just a physical flow of gods but into complexities of decision making. In the case of Food Panda this is very evident because even the delivery executives have to take part in certain decision making. Value Supply Chain Process And How The Company May Deliver Value Proposition The best value chain concept in supply chain management is enforced by the speed, quality, cost, and flexibility. All these aspects are important for the theoretical perspectives. The organization always wants to deliver proper value to their customers. The value may be in terms of product, quality, cost, availability, and choice. The market extension can create competitions and prominent theoretical aspects of strategies models enhance better business chances for the organization. The behavioral change, in theory, can also mould the product dimension and supply chain management has taken this responsibility to open up the business market for contingency categories. As mentioned by Muysinaliyev Aktamov (2014), There are different theoretical perspectives allocated for the business. The transaction cost economic theory is one of the best values in supply chain process and ensures customers to buy their products. Agency theory is another aspect of cultural enhancement that aligned wit h the business opportunism so the market enhancement can sustain. As narrated by Martnez-Jurado Moyano-Fuentes (2014), Resource dependency and competitive alignment is the key aspect of the strategic development of the organization. The social capacity theory is another aspect shared the goals, value, and experiences of improved product performance. If products can create a better place in the market and socially acclaimed by the people then it would be easier for the company to promote that product in the market. The basic blend of performance and strategic values are important for strategic changes in the organization. In case of improved values, better goal and circumstances are the key factor in this process and that creates a good chance for business opportunities. Optimization Method Of Supply Chain Management There are some traditional methods and techniques for supply chain management process. These traditional methods are basically focused on the financial measures and return on investment. The rate of return and net present value has been declared in that optimization method and that evaluation method suited for the newer generation. Flexibility is service system is important for business operation perspective and will likely enhance the customer expectations for innovative products and service (Jain et al., 2010). Customers always want a better quality of the product so better financial support is also needed for the perspective. Innovative technology is also needed for that process and strategic planning is the main thing that better supply organization. As commented by Stadtler (2015), Information must be readily accessible to all companies in the supply chain process and the business procedures should be organized in a mode to make full use of this information. However, as these ar e problematic to amount or practice as a guideline to monitor development, more effective dimension methods, and indexes were advanced (Belin Forc, 2012). On a more operative level, the key presentation indicators are total costs, excellence and central times in the supply chain. Survey of presentation measures presented that cost and customer receptiveness to rule as the most frequent declared measures. The outline and practice of supply change framework help companies to improve presentation across the whole supply chain process in an efficient method and so that key performance indicators develop the fields in a positive way. Supplier Relationship Issues With Global Customers Customer satisfaction is an entire presentation for staying well-informed in a modest environment that can be attained only by rapidly answering to customer requirements. Effectual consumer response (ECR) is a supply chain management approach that endeavors to discourse the inadequacies in the supply chain are important for this occasion. Customer relation is the most effective issue for supply base management practice and produces some competitive edge for better customer drove driving policy (Ashby, Leat Hudson-Smith, 2012). For the long-term relationship, companies performance matters and effective performance productivity is the key aspect of that designing method. There are some issues in logistic like planned routes, environment policies, iterative approach for distribution and making a good relation with supply chain management is important for the development of the relationship with global customers (Touboulic Walker, 2015). Global customers are important for the company t o stretch their business market externally. Trading issue and market competencies can be judged by the organization if strategic benefits are aligned with outsourcing decision. As discussed by Fayezi, O'Loughlin Zutshi (2012), Sometimes franchises are taking this responsibility to channelize their market and company is also flexible to make them control over then business partially. They can take the brand name of the company and deliver only those products that manufactured by the company and also promise to maintain the brand image of the company and this is going to be the biggest outsourcing for the organization to make a good profit from different sections of business and this would be happened only because of effective supply chain. Sustainable Supply Chain Management In the article Sustainable supply chain management and the transition towards a circular economy: Evidence and some applications there has been a detailed discussion about the importance and necessity of sustainability in supply chain management (Genovese et al., 2017). Environmental concern is another issue for sustainable development in Supply Chain Management (Dubey et al., 2017). Food Panda has reduced the need of paperwork in billing of food and hence given a better environmental and eco friendly option for supply chain management. However certain concerns like pollution caused by the bikes of the delivery executives still persist. Formentini Taticchi (2016) in their article Corporate sustainability approaches and governance mechanisms in sustainable supply chain management shows by evidence how sustainable leaders can induce the practice of sustainability in their followers. This can be adopted by the organisation in case study, Food Panda to induce sustainability all over the organisation structure. Issues With Supply Chain Management And Gaps In the article Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain the authors have noted how there have been emerging issues in terms of logistics in food procurement and distribution. The author has taken example of Tesco which has transformed from a small store to a full fledged retail chain selling grocery and home requirements (Fernie Sparks, 2014). Although there is a certain difference in the type of business that Food Panda does, but the similarity is both of the companies have grown from small to big. The main issue has been the increasing complexity that comes with growth. In countries, which are dominated by Islamic faith, there is a issue of serving Halal food. In the article Halal supply chain management training: issues and challenges the author has discussed about the challenges with receiving Halal certification and and maintaining the standards (Hashim Shariff, 2016). Food Panda operating in a number of Islamic countries has to keep strict vigilance on the Halal standards. According to Wang et al, (2016), the supply chain management has to deal with big data processing systems. Big data can be useful and complicated both at the same time. There has been separate departments and whole consultants dealing with big data. In the case of Food Panda the company has to constantly deal with orders coming in from various platforms, and then distributing the orders to the concerned delivery executives in the right time. Zhong et al, (2016) have also pointed out in their article Big Data for supply chain management in the service and manufacturing sectors: Challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives, that how information from service sectors as well as manufacturing sectors have been becoming huge in volume and complicated by the day. In the article, it was found that many managers in the upper level of the organisations are often oblivious about big data analysis and its outcomes, there is also need for better optimisation at different levels like operati onal, analytical and strategic. In the article A hybrid framework for the modelling and optimisation of decision problems in sustainable supply chain management, the authors have stated the altering and optimising the decision making system of the companies that deal with supply chain management that can lead to better decision making. In the article the author have proposed a combination of mathematical programming and constraint programming (Sitek Wikarek, 2015). Food Panda may well consider the proposed solutions to optimize the business it deals with. In the article A new fuzzy DEA model for evaluation of efficiency and effectiveness of suppliers in sustainable supply chain management context the issues with developing a sustainable supply chain management process has been detailed (Azadi et al., 2015). In order to develop a sustainable model of supply process the Data Envelopment Process (DEA) is proposed to be utilised. Purchasing and distribution process becomes more complicated with the pressures from various agents of the environment and a sustainable process helps in avoiding these. Big data is an emerging field of further research and it is undeniably necessary for companies like Food Panda (Schoenherr Speier?Pero, 2015) Suggestions For Supply Chain Improvement The market conceptual map and the practical tools help to identify the policy issues of supply chain management. This is a process that enhancing the quality standard and deliver proper market information to maintain that chain in an effective way. There can be calamities that disrupt supply chain and improvement has to be done to tackle such situations (Snyder et al., 2016). There are four different areas of supply chain management and all these are creating extraneous factors to influence the business enhancement. Process upgradation is the first factor in the supply chain management and organization has to maintain their process in an evaluative way so that better results can be extracted from that. Product upgrading is another way the organization concerns about this and they can change the old product to a new one so that customers also get attached to the innovative product. Functional upgrading is a mix of operational activities that conducted by the organization and enhance t he external market of the company. As asserted by Shukla, Garg Agarwal (2011), the functional operation includes all the logistic facilities, resource management, and finance and distribution issues to cover up. Hence, all the operational sections are co-ordinated by this segment. The last section influences the entire chain or channel upgradation and this enhances to switch the production from one end to another. The process also calculates the new market entries and tries to channelize a new product in the business market. As commented by Colicchia Strozzi (2012), Improvement in food quality and meeting customer expectation is a major aspect of the company. The management network is interconnected with the provision of product and service packages from the organization. Conclusion Food Panda has been very successful in transforming the system of food delivery on earth. The company has redefined how the practice of supply chain management can be utilised at an optimised level to give maximum productive value to the society and the business. However from the above literature reviews that has been done certain issues have been found major of which are the persisting unsustainable mode of transportation of food, managing the delivery executives at a finer level, dealing with big data analytics, and making decisions that are balanced and logical and not just periodical. These gaps and limitations have to be fulfilled by the company by better strategic decision making and more fluid and effective supply chain methods. The literature review discusses about various models and theories of supply chain management and their implementation. These can be utilised in various level of the organisation to give a lean but fit organisational structure to the company. References Ashby, A., Leat, M., Hudson-Smith, M. (2012). Making connections: a review of supply chain management and sustainability literature.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(5), 497-516. Azadi, M., Jafarian, M., Saen, R. F., Mirhedayatian, S. M. (2015). A new fuzzy DEA model for evaluation of efficiency and effectiveness of suppliers in sustainable supply chain management context.Computers Operations Research,54, 274-285. Belin, J., Forc, H. (2012). Supply chain management of blood products: A literature review.European Journal of Operational Research,217(1), 1-16. Brandenburg, M., Govindan, K., Sarkis, J., Seuring, S. (2014). Quantitative models for sustainable supply chain management: Developments and directions.European Journal of Operational Research,233(2), 299-312. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Colicchia, C., Strozzi, F. (2012). Supply chain risk management: a new methodology for a systematic literature review.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(4), 403-418. Costas, J., Ponte, B., de la Fuente, D., Pino, R., Puche, J. (2015). Applying Goldratts Theory of Constraints to reduce the Bullwhip Effect through agent-based modeling.Expert Systems with Applications,42(4), 2049-2060. David, A., Adida, E. (2015). Competition and Coordination in a Two?Channel Supply Chain.Production and Operations Management,24(8), 1358-1370. Fayezi, S., O'Loughlin, A., Zutshi, A. (2012). Agency theory and supply chain management: a structured literature review.Supply chain management: an international journal,17(5), 556-570. Fernie, J., Sparks, L. (2014).Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Foodpanda.com. (2018).About Foodpanda India.foodpanda. Retrieved 25 January 2018, from https://www.foodpanda.com/contents/about.htm Formentini, M., Taticchi, P. (2016). Corporate sustainability approaches and governance mechanisms in sustainable supply chain management.Journal of Cleaner Production,112, 1920-1933. Genovese, A., Acquaye, A. A., Figueroa, A., Koh, S. L. (2017). Sustainable supply chain management and the transition towards a circular economy: Evidence and some applications.Omega,66, 344-357. Hashim, H. I. C., Shariff, S. M. M. (2016). Halal supply chain management training: issues and challenges.Procedia Economics and Finance,37, 33-38. Heckmann, I., Comes, T., Nickel, S. (2015). A critical review on supply chain riskDefinition, measure and modeling.Omega,52, 119-132. Jain, J., Dangayach, G. S., Agarwal, G., Banerjee, S. (2010). Supply chain management: Literature review and some issues.Journal of Studies on Manufacturing,1(1). Kozlenkova, I. V., Hult, G. T. M., Lund, D. J., Mena, J. A., Kekec, P. (2015). The role of marketing channels in supply chain management.Journal of Retailing,91(4), 586-609. Martnez-Jurado, P. J., Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2014). Lean management, supply chain management and sustainability: a literature review.Journal of Cleaner Production,85, 134-150. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., Patterson, J. L. (2015).Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Muysinaliyev, A., Aktamov, S. (2014). Supply chain management concepts: literature review.IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM),15(6), 60-66. Shukla, R. K., Garg, D., Agarwal, A. (2011). Understanding of supply chain: A literature review.International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology,3(3), 2059-2072. Shyam, R. (2015). Importance of Supply Chain Management.International Journal of Engineering and Management Research (IJEMR),5(2), 197-201. Sitek, P., Wikarek, J. (2015). A hybrid framework for the modelling and optimisation of decision problems in sustainable supply chain management.International Journal of Production Research,53(21), 6611-6628. Sorbi, S., Zorrieh, S., Jalilian, I., Sani, M. M. S. (2017). The role of management in the evolution of the company's supply chain.European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Touboulic, A., Walker, H. (2015). Theories in sustainable supply chain management: a structured literature review.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,45(1/2), 16-42. Wang, G., Gunasekaran, A., Ngai, E. W., Papadopoulos, T. (2016). Big data analytics in logistics and supply chain management: Certain investigations for research and applications.International Journal of Production Economics,176, 98-110. Zhong, R. Y., Newman, S. T., Huang, G. Q., Lan, S. (2016). Big Data for supply chain management in the service and manufacturing sectors: Challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives.Computers Industrial Engineering,101, 572-591. Snyder, L. V., Atan, Z., Peng, P., Rong, Y., Schmitt, A. J., Sinsoysal, B. (2016). OR/MS models for supply chain disruptions: A review.IIE Transactions,48(2), 89-109. Schoenherr, T., Speier?Pero, C. (2015). Data science, predictive analytics, and big data in supply chain management: Current state and future potential.Journal of Business Logistics,36(1), 120-132. Dubey, R., Gunasekaran, A., Papadopoulos, T., Childe, S. J., Shibin, K. T., Wamba, S. F. (2017). Sustainable supply chain management: framework and further research directions.Journal of Cleaner Production,142, 1119-1130

Drones for Newsgathering Surveillance

One of the most notable aspects of post-industrial modernity is that, as of today, the pace of the ongoing technological progress attained a clearly defined exponential momentum, which in turn challenges the validity of people’s conventional outlooks on what the notions of ‘privacy’ and ‘journalism’ stand for.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Drones for Newsgathering Surveillance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The soundness of this suggestion can be illustrated, in regards to the fact that it now became possible for private citizens to be in the position to take aerial shots/videos of the important events in the making (newsgathering), as well as to spy on others (surveillance). The development in question has been brought about by the recent breakthroughs in the field of avionics technology, which dramatically increased the affordability of the so-called ‘unman ned aerial vehicles’ (UAVs), or as they are informally referred to – drones. The term in question applies to the autonomously flown aircraft, as well as to those that fly in the remotely controlled mode. However, the newly emerged newsgathering/surveillance opportunities, in this respect, appear to stir much of a public controversy – the direct consequence of the fact that the practice of drone-based newsgathering can be defined; as such that violates the provisions of the U.S. Constitution’s Fourth Amendment. As Schlag (2013) aptly pointed out, â€Å"Under the Fourth Amendment, Americans are guaranteed a certain degree of privacy through the right ‘to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effect against unreasonable searches and seizures’† (p. 12). At the same time, forbidding citizens to use drones, as the mean of gathering and publicizing information of a social significance, would clearly transgress the Constitutionâ€⠄¢s First Amendment, concerned with protecting freedom of speech, as the fundamental principle of how American society functions. Therefore, it does not come as a particular surprise that during the course of recent years, there have been published a number of analytical articles that discuss the pros and cons of legitimizing the concerned practice from a variety of different perspectives.Advertising Looking for critical writing on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Among the main advantages of using drones to gather information is being usually mentioned the sheer cost-effectiveness of the practice in question. According to Holton, Lawson and Love (2015), â€Å"Even the most effective UAVs available for journalistic purposes cost less than $1000 and can be operated at a fraction of the cost of their heavier and less reliable helicopter counterparts† (p. 638). The advocates of drone-based newsgatheri ng also point out to the fact that drones allow the types of live news-coverage that used to be considered impossible earlier (such as providing people with the aerial glimpse of a natural disaster in making, for example). After all, due to being unmanned, drones can be flown even under the circumstances that most pilots would have found intolerable, â€Å"Drones†¦ allow journalists access to places that are dangerous or unreachable, and they provide an aerial view that captures images in ways that photographs taken from the ground cannot† (McIntyre, 2015, p. 160). Finally, there is a good rationale in believing that drones can help the law enforcement agencies to tackle the task of ensuring public safety. As Clarke (2014) noted: â€Å"Drones (provide)†¦ relatively very safe and quick reconnaissance at emergency scenes, resulting in effective and relatively safe tactical responses† (p. 240). Nevertheless, there are also those who believe that the concerned ty pe of newsgathering/surveillance is socially counter-beneficial, because there are some rather substantial cons to it, as well. Alongside with the earlier mentioned fact that drones can be used to violate one’s privacy, it is commonly alleged that the practice of flying drones (some of them weight up to 150 kg.) over the densely populated areas, represents an acute threat not only to the citizens’ right to confidentiality, but also to their very lives. Moreover, it is often suggested that the drone-based paradigm of newsgathering undermines the integrity of American society from within, because it establishes the objective preconditions for Americans to continue growing ever more intellectually marginalized. After all, it does not represent any secret that it is specifically the tabloid-type of journalists (paparazzi), who seem to be much more excited about the drone-enabled newsgathering opportunities, as compared to what it is the case with the mainstream journalists . In fact, because of these newly emerged opportunities, some people claim that it is only the matter of time before journalism transforms into ‘voyeurnalism’, defined as a â€Å"corrupted journalism†¦ in which information regarding events and issues is gathered and presented that is not ‘in the public interest’, but rather is ‘what the public is interested in’† (Clarke, 2014, p. 240).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Drones for Newsgathering Surveillance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, it is specifically due to the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) stance on the issue that drones are not being used quite as widely for newsgathering, as they could have been. This simply could not be otherwise – the representatives of this Federal agency persist in claiming that the concerned practice is unlawful, because it can be us ed for moneymaking, â€Å"The FAA considers any use of a UAV for profit or by a for-profit organization, even if the use of the UAV does not specifically generate profit, to be commercial activity and therefore banned† (Holton, Lawson, Love, 2015, p. 636). What is especially peculiar, in this respect, is that the bureaucrats in question do not even bother to explain since when it became an offense in America for people to resort to the technologically advanced means of generating income. Thus, there is indeed a good reason to expect that, as time goes on, the debate of whether the practice of using drones for newsgathering/surveillance should be legalized or not, will continue to remain acute in the near future. Still, for those whose ability to think in terms of logic has not been completely atrophied, this specific issue may hardly appear controversial. The reason for this is apparent – it does not represent any challenge to expose just about every claim, concerned with deeming aerial drone-newsgathering/surveillance ‘dangerous’ or ‘immoral’, as utterly fallacious. After all, it does not take a particularly analytical individual to realize that the most ardent critics of drones as ‘evil’ gadgets, designed solely for the purpose of invading people’s privacy, consist of neocons, who simultaneously promote the idea that the FBI and NSA should be allowed to tap into people’s phones and to arrest citizens, without having obtained a court consent – all for the sake of making America ‘safer’. It is quite notable, in this respect, that the same individuals would not be overly concerned if it was solely up to the government to violate people’s privacy with the help of drones. After all, as Bennett (2014) aptly noted: â€Å"The drone was initially developed for government applications and only afterwards transitioned to private ones† (par. 4). Yet, when journalists an d private citizens started to use drones to gather information, the self-appointed representatives of the ‘moral majority’ began to refer to this practice as such that contradicts the Fourth Amendment.Advertising Looking for critical writing on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order for us to make sense out of this ostensible phenomenon, it needs to be mentioned that, even though America’s top-officials never cease proclaiming that the country’s mainstream Media are ‘free’, this in fact is far from being the actual case. Apparently, only a few people are capable of understanding the simple fact that American Media cannot be ‘free’ by the virtue of being owned by the representatives of the country’s oligarchy, which share the same socio-political and economic agenda. Therefore, contrary to what many people believe, American mainstream Media do not function as merely the information-channeling mediums, but as the instruments of subjecting ordinary citizens to the different forms of psychological manipulation. In its turn, this led to the situation when, as of today, for as long as Americans have not seen a particular event being covered on TV, there is no way for them to learn that this event actually did ta ke place. Yet, there is one important precondition for America’s mainstream Media to be able to manipulate with people’s opinions, and to consequently affect the essence of political dynamics in this country – to be provided with a monopoly on distributing information. This explains the FAA’s negative stance on the idea that drones should be recognized as the legitimate tool of journalism – such a development would inevitably result in causing more and more citizens to wonder about many things that the government would not like them to. After all, one’s ability to purchase and to fly a drone for the purpose of newsgathering/surveillance, automatically presupposes the concerned individual’s familiarity with social Media, such as Facebook or YouTube – the only alternative sources of information in America’s media-space, dominated by a few large media-corporations. Therefore, the ‘public’ outcry against the use of drones by private individuals is artificially induced, â€Å"No court cases have been reported in which someone sued a journalist for violating his privacy by gathering information with a drone† (McIntyre, 2015, p. 162). It is all about money and power, as usual, rather than about ‘morality’ or ‘safety’. The country’s rich and powerful are aware that information is power and they do not want to share it with anybody else – pure and simple. In light of the above-stated, there can be only a few doubts that drone-based newsgathering is indeed thoroughly appropriate – even if assessed from the legal perspective. The FAA can threaten people with the prospect of being administratively/criminally persecuted for flying drones all it wants, but this organization’s currently enacted drone-related regulations are essentially bylaws, which mean they can be easily overruled with the references being made to the fundamental provisio ns of the U.S. Constitution. Therefore, the journalists’ right to use drones on the line of their professional duty cannot be restricted. The same can be said about the practice of using drones for surveillance – fearing that they may invade one’s privacy simply does not make any sense in the age when the very notion of ‘privacy’ has grown utterly outdated. Those who oppose drone-technology, as such that can enhance journalism/law enforcement, act contrary to this country’s national interests – regardless whether they realize it or not. I believe that this conclusion is fully consistent with the line of argumentative logic, deployed throughout the paper. References Bennett, W. (2014). Civilian drones, privacy, and the federal-state balance. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/research/civilian-drones-privacy-and-the-federal-state-balance/ Clarke, R. (2014). Understanding the drone epidemic. Computer Law   Security Review, 30(3), 230-246. Holton, A., Lawson, S., Love, C. (2015). Unmanned aerial vehicles,  Journalism Practice, 9(5), 634-650. McIntyre, K. (2015). How Current Law Might Apply to Drone Journalism. Newspaper Research Journal, 36(2), 158-169. Schlag, C. (2013). The new privacy battle: How the expanding use of drones continues to erode our concept of privacy and privacy rights. Journal of Technology Law Policy, XIII, 1-22. This critical writing on Drones for Newsgathering Surveillance was written and submitted by user Mallory Oneil to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Mary White Rowlandson

Mary White Rowlandson Known for:  Indian captivity narrative published 1682 Dates: 1637? - January 1710/11 Also known as: Mary White, Mary Rowlandson About Mary White Rowlandson Mary White was probably born in England to parents who immigrated in 1639. Her father was, at his death, wealthier than any of his neighbors in Lancaster, Massachusetts. She married Joseph Rowlandson in 1656; he was ordained as a Puritan minister in 1660. They had four children, one of whom died as an infant. In 1676, near the end of King Philips War, a group of Nipmunk and Narragansett Indians attacked Lancaster, burned the town and captured many of the settlers. Rev. Joseph Rowlandson was on his way to Boston at the time, to raise troops to protect Lancaster. Mary Rowlandson and her three children were among them. Sarah, 6, died in captivity of her wounds. Rowlandson used her skill in sewing and knitting so she was useful while the Indians moved around in Massachusetts and New Hampshire to elude capture by the colonists. She met with the Wampanoag chief, Metacom, who had been named King Philip by the settlers. Three months after the capture, Mary Rowlandson was ransomed for  £20. She was returned at Princeton, Massachusetts, on May 2, 1676. Her two surviving children were released soon after. Their home had been destroyed in the attack, so the Rowlandson family reunited in Boston. Joseph Rowlandson was called to a congregation in Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1677. In 1678, he preached a sermon about his wifes captivity, A Sermon of the Possibility of Gods Forsaking a People that have been near and dear to him. Three days later, Joseph died suddenly. The sermon was included with early editions of Mary Rowlandsons captivity narrative. Rowlandson married Captain Samuel Talcott in 1679, but no later details of her life are known except some court testimony in 1707, her husbands death in 1691, and her own death in 1710/11. The Book Her book was written to retell the details of Mary Rowlandsons captivity and rescue in the context of religious faith. The book was originally titled The Soveraignty Goodness of God, Together with the Faithfulness of His Promises Displayed; Being a Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, Commended by her to all that Desire to Know the Lords Doings to, and Dealings with Her. Especially to her Dear Children and Relations. The English edition (also 1682) was retitled A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, A Ministers Wife in New-England: Wherein is set forth, The Cruel and Inhumane Usage she underwent amongst the Heathens for Eleven Weeks time: And her Deliverance from them. Written by her own Hand, for her Private Use: and now made public at the earnest Desire of some Friends, for the Benefit of the Afflicted. The English title emphasized the capture; the American title emphasized her religious faith. The book became an immediate best-seller and went through many editions. It is widely read today as a literary classic, the first of what became a trend of captivity narratives where white women, captured by Indians, survived overwhelming odds. Details (and assumptions and stereotypes) about the life of women among the Puritan settlers and in the Indian community are valuable to historians. Despite the overall emphasis (and title, in England) stressing cruel and inhumane usage... amongst the heathens, the book is also notable for conveying an understanding of the captors as individuals who suffered and faced tough decisions as human beings with some sympathy towards their captives (one gives her a captured Bible, for example). But beyond being a story of human lives, the book is also a Calvinist religious treatise, showing the Indians as instruments of God sent to be a scourge to the whole Land. Bibliography These books may be helpful for more information on Mary White Rowlandson and on Indian captivity narratives in general. Christopher Castiglia.  Bound and Determined: Captivity, Culture-Crossing and White Womanhood. University of Chicago, 1996.Kathryn and James Derounian and Arthur Levernier.  Indian Captivity Narrative, 1550-1900. Twayne, 1993.Kathryn Derounian-Stodola, editor.  Womens Indian Captivity Narratives.  Penguin, 1998.Frederick Drimmer (editor).  Captured by the Indians: 15 Firsthand Accounts, 1750-1870.  Dover, 1985.Gary L. Ebersole.  Captured By Texts: Puritan to Postmodern Images of Indian Captivity.  Virginia, 1995.Rebecca Blevins Faery.  Cartographies of Desire: Captivity, Race, and Sex in the Shaping University of Oklahoma, 1999.on an American Nation.June Namias.  White Captives: Gender and Ethnicity on the American Frontier.  University of North Carolina, 1993.Mary Ann Samyn.  Captivity Narrative.  Ohio State University, 1999.Gordon M. Sayre, Olaudah Equiano and Paul Lauter, editors.  American Captivity Narratives. D C Heath, 2000.Pauline Turner Strong.  Captive Selves, Captivating Others.  Westview Press, 2000.

Community and Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community and Domestic Violence - Essay Example Most gang members are pulled into the world of violence because of a number of flaws in the system. Basic essentials are denied to the youth and his concept of being caught in the same cycle as his parents frighten him into choosing any path available to escape it. It has been proven by the National Academies Press that gang violence hits the areas that are economically backward the hardest (7). These gang members are motivated by the life around them to find a way out. Thus, by joining a gang the individual ensures a sure-fire way of achieving an income. An income that is presented through shows of courage and loyalty to the gang is important as it comes with the due respect. The arms available to any gang has increased by the hundredfold. In 2001, the Boston Globe printed an article speaking of an unregistered arms dealer was sentenced to 13 years in prison for selling grenades to members of street gangs Thus revealing that in America today, it has become abundantly easy for any young gang-member to obtain arms. An individual case of this violence comes from Mario Banuelos who was a member of a gang in Morgan Hill, California. He speaks of an incident where he was beaten up by a boy. Unable to fight back he expected the boy to terrorize him but learned a lesson when after the first beating the boy returned to apologize for his actions (Morgan Hills Times).   The evidence in this story proves that Banuelos chose to fight as had been taught by the street culture but in turn forgot the basics of humanity that instill an individual to apologize when they feel they have wronged a fellow being. When the boy came back to say sorry, Banuelos was reminded that fighting was not the solution to every problem. And this self-realization allowed him to change his life.     

Slurry Wall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Slurry Wall - Essay Example They provided a low permeability obstacle to contaminant transport. The first slurry wall was built in Italy. Icos built the wall in Italy by using bentonite slurry support as the cut off wall. He went on to construct the first slurry wall for the Milan Metro. In mid 1960s, European contractors introduced the slurry walls in the United States. It was first used in the World Trade Center found in New York, the Bank of California found in San Francisco and the CAN building found in Chicago. Many projects of the slurry wall in the United States are found in Chicago, San Francisco, Washington, New York and Boston. Slurry walls are used extensively in the Central Artery/Tunnel project. This project involved many cover and cut tunnels built under the prevailing artery. The technology behind slurry wall centers on specific equipment used to excavate slurry trenches. The mechanical clamshell is the simplest kind of trenching equipment and is put on a Kelly bar. Different contractors have developed particular equipment such as hydromills, hydraulic clamshells or fraise (Mulligan, Yong & Gibbs, 2001). These walls are used in retaining foundations of the wall and retaining control of the wall water. Additionally, they are used as long-lasting basement walls in top down construction method, used as earth retention walls for tunnels, excavations and basements. They are also used in vertical foundation elements with high capacity (Opdyke & Evans, 2005). They are used as cut off curtains, gas barriers in areas with landfills, seepage control, and contaminated groundwater. Moreover, the diaphragms are used in seepage and water control for deep excavations. The construction cost of slurry wall for cut off barriers is much cheaper than construction of diaphragm wall for deep excavations. The alterations arise mostly from the differences in the construction methods. In diaphragm walls, the perimeter of the wall is made panel by